Hazardous wastes need to be included in key-point management due to their hazardous characteristics. If they are not handled properly, hazardous waste leaks can contaminate water or soil, resulting in serious environmental pollution accidents, and should therefore be strictly controlled to avoid environmental pollution. In the process of hazardous waste management, enterprises should pay close attention to source control, establish standardized storage facilities, and supervise the entire process. Through such management, practical results can be achieved in the standardized management of hazardous waste; hazardous wastes can be reduced and pollution prevention and control can be enhanced.

Aiming at the risk of hydrogen sulfide leakage at the wellhead of an offshore platform, a numerical simulation model was developed to analyze the diffusion process and distribution of hydrogen sulfide leakage in order to provide guidance for prevention of hydrogen sulfide risks. The analysis reveals that following wellhead leakage, hydrogen sulfide rapidly diffuses from the middle deck to the upper deck. The concentration of hydrogen sulfide in areas such as the wellhead region, walkway, water injection manifold, wellhead control panel, and chemical injection pry can reach up to 20 mg/L; the incoming wind can dilute the concentration of leaked hydrogen sulfide in affected areas; moreover, wind direction affects both the distribution pattern of leaked gas and positioning directions of external rescue forces. Due to windshield arrangements, the dilution effect of the incoming wind on hydrogen sulfide is weakened; thus accumulation occurs after wellhead and equipment leakage incidents. In summer, employing open mobile windshields should be considered.

In order to analyze and evaluate the main risk factors of petrochemical equipment and achieve risk source management and safe operation, and to adapt to the needs of efficient risk management and control, a mathematical model of the impact of the equipment accident risk has been constructed and the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method has been used to study the problem. Starting from the perspective of modern causal chain theory of accidents, it is found that human factors, mechanical equipment, and other risk factors are influenced by management factors greatly. A device stability model based on the three indicators of process stability, process stability correction, and unplanned shutdown has been established to statistically evaluate the operational stability of equipment. It reveals the risk characteristics of equipment at different stages and can be used as warning indicators and standards for safety management performance to enhance the safety management effectiveness of equipment.

With the rapid development of petrochemical industry, the scale is expanding, and there is also increasing risks of safety accidents such as fires, explosions, leakage and poisoning. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the safety and emergency management of petrochemical industry, enhance the capability to deal with emergencies, and improve the emergency management of the whole petrochemical industry. According to the work safety rules and risk characteristics of a chemical plant in a chemical company, this paper expounds the current situation of emergency management system for work safety in the company. It analyzes the difficulties and problems faced by the company. The paper also presents the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on how to do well in the emergency management of work safety.

The on-site safety management of petrochemical EPC (engineering, procurement, construction) projects is related to the safety of personnel's lives and property. This paper analyzed the characteristics of the project and the importance, current situation, and existing problems of on-site safety management. Aiming at the problems, it proposed some suggestions for innovation including leadership to take the lead in creating a safe atmosphere; improving the safety management system; adopting innovative safety training methods; increasing investment in safety; reinforcing safety supervision by utilizing information technology; strengthening measures such as multi-party coordination and management. The paper suggested that the site should be combined with the actual situation, continuously innovate the safety management of petrochemical EPC projects, minimize the on-site risks and hidden dangers of the projects, and promote the sustainable development of the petrochemical industry.

Intrinsic safety is the basic work to prevent and resolve major dangers fundamentally. It is an important part of the safety in production of chemical production enterprises. In order to optimize the application of intrinsic safety theory in chemical safety management and improve the safety management efficiency of chemical enterprises, this paper comprehensively analyzes the profound connotation of intrinsic safety in the chemical industry, establishes a multi-layer risk control measure system framework based on accident scenario reasoning, and defines the interactive relationship between "intrinsic safety" and "protection layer". Based on this, the "Onion model" is innovatively improved, and finally the application of intrinsic safety in chemical safety management is proposed. It is the key to improve the safety management and accident prevention of chemical enterprises to correctly understand the internal relationship among intrinsic safety, risk control, protection layer and chemical safety management.

With the continuous development of the economy and the progress of society, the demand for oil and gas in various industries has been increasing year by year, and China's petroleum and petrochemical industry has entered a new stage of development. In the actual production of the petrochemical industry, unplanned shutdowns of natural gas purification plants result in significant losses. Therefore, it is common to construct new projects while operating purification plants without stopping production. In the process of constructing new projects, there are common problems such as a wide range of operations, high construction risks, and more cross operations. Various safety accidents may occur, which makes safety management difficult. Through specific research and practice of safety management measures for safety risks in new projects, an effective safety management model is formed to ensure safety in production for a long time before and after the commissioning of new projects.

Once the buried oil and gas pipelines leak, it is not easy to find out and deal with the leak timely, and the leaking oil and gas is prone to fire and explosion when exposed to open flame. Aiming at the problems of long service life and serious corrosion of buried oil and gas pipelines, the relevant methods for quantitative assessment of oil and gas pipelines in the standard Risk Assessment Methods for Buried Steel Pipelines (GB/T 27512-2011) were applied to quantitatively assess the risk level of pipelines. Combining with the status quo of the pipeline in production and operation as well as the surrounding environmental conditions, the risk grade of the pipelines is quantitatively assessed and determined. This provided a basis for enterprises to carry out inspection and maintenance, anti-corrosion and pipeline replacement of buried oil and gas pipelines.

The discharge of wastewater in petrochemical production is large, and several to tens of tons of wastewater are discharged per ton of chemical products produced. Although domestic petrochemical related enterprises have built sewage treatment equipment and standards according to standards, there are still serious environmental damage and economic losses caused by human negligence, improper disposal, facility defects and other factors that result in non-compliant discharge. This paper relies on collaborative work such as open-source neural networks, visual color grading analysis, and sniffing devices to achieve multi-dimensional recognition and judgment of pre-discharged wastewater. This provides a real-time and controllable channel for petrochemical enterprises to supervise their own discharge situation. Therefore, sewage discharge due to negligence, equipment defects, non-standard operations and other reasons can be eliminated so as to reduce production risks for enterprises.

Conventional mud acid acidification generally causes problems such as excessive reaction speed, short operating distance, serious secondary and triple damage, excessive erosion, and serious corrosion. Aiming at the above problems, the technicians developed a new acid solution containing hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, organic acid, fluoroboric acid, and a variety of additives with low corrosion, low damage, low reaction speed, and good compatibility. The performance of the new acid solution was evaluated and the results showed that compared with conventional mud acid, the acid rock reaction speed of the new acid solution is slower; the reaction time is longer; there was no obvious sediment in the reaction product; and the damage to the formation is small. The acidity change of the new acid solution is relatively moderate; the acid duration is long and it has buffer property. It is a kind of acid solution with low acidity and low reaction speed which is suitable for deep acidification. The new acid solution has strong inhibition of carbonate and silicate precipitation capacity, but with the increase of concentration, the capacity of the new acid solution to inhibit carbonate and silicate precipitation decreases.

The levelness of large-scale compressor skid-mounted base was measured in the process of field installation and the causes of excess levelness were analyzed. Then two improvement schemes were proposed to reduce the levelness of the base; the solid model of the base was established; the levelness of the base was analyzed by adopting finite element method; the analysis results were compared with the measured results, thus the effectiveness of the improvement scheme was verified.

The residue hydrogenation raw oil filter was designed by Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Corporation Ltd./SINOPEC. Each filter is set up in 7 columns of 12 each, for a total of 84 filtering cartridges. During operation, due to the high pressure drop of the filter, the filter automatically flushes frequently, resulting in a decrease in the level of the raw oil tank after filtration, and the level cannot be maintained without opening the hand valve on the cross-over line of the filter. Aiming at the hidden dangers, four new rows of filter were added to each series in order to increase the flow area of the filter feedstock, improve the filter operation, close the cross-over line and extend the catalyst life.

A gas field in the eastern part of the South China Sea conducted technical revamp of plasma instant ignition torches on three sets of traditional pilot torches at a platform and terminal in 2021 and 2022 respectively, and received good results. The original torches had problems such as frequent ignition system failures, unstable performance, and high consumption of purge fuel gas. Through the revamp, the automation is greatly improved; the ignition system is stable and reliable, and the operation is simple; the safety risk of torch operation is reduced; and a large amount of carbon emission is reduced.

After more than 20 years of exploration, a petrochemical enterprise has gradually formed a sewage reuse process with "BAF (Biological Aerated Filter) + MMF (Multi-media Filter) + UF (Ultrafiltration) + RO (Reverse Osmosis)" as the core. Some problems occur in different processes during the application of sewage reuse, and corresponding measures and suggestions have been proposed to address these issues. For the stable operation of newly built sewage reuse devices, it is recommended to use mature processes or new processes that have undergone sufficient on-site testing and verification as the core process.

Based on the analysis of the current situation of VOCs emissions in the oil tank farm and combining with the total VOCs emissions reduction target required in the national “14th Five-Year Plan”, the VOCs emissions of the storage tank under the conditions of different storage temperature, different storage height and different turnover are calculated by using the formula method. It is proposed that through taking accurate control measures such as increasing the removal rate of oil and gas recovery device, reducing the temperature of oil stored in the oil tanks, increasing the storage height of the tanks, reducing the turnover of oil tanks by feeding while discharging, strictly implementing equipment leakage detection and repair (LDAR) work, and reducing the number of inaccessible sealing points, the VOCs emissions in the oil tank area can be reduced effectively, thereby achieving emission reduction target.

With the large-scale population growth and urban development in coastal areas around the world, the demands for desalinated seawater resources and sewage treatment and reuse are increasing constantly. Membrane treatment technology is widely used in the fields of seawater desalination and sewage treatment with reverse osmosis technology being the most widely applied. However, forward osmosis technology is gradually valued due to the low energy consumption, little pollution, and easy operation. This paper summarizes the current applications and researches of forward osmosis technology in the fields of seawater desalination and sewage treatment. And it focuses on the advantages and potentials of forward osmosis technology in the joint scenario of seawater desalination and sewage treatment. On this basis, the paper expatiates on the current researches of synchronous seawater desalination and sewage treatment by forward osmosis, analyzes the limitations and problems and proposes suggestions on future optimization.

Hydrogen sulfide is highly toxic and corrosive, which is easy to cause corrosion of equipment and pipelines and poisoning of personnel. This will affect the stable production of crude oil. Hydrogen sulfide in oilfield is generally desulfurized by wet method, and the diluted desulfurizer is usually injected directly into the oilfield at a suitable location (such as wellhead, separator, etc.), which is simple and convenient. There are many kinds of chemical desulfurizers in use, but there is no unified evaluation method and standard for desulfurizers in petroleum industry. In this paper, under the guidance of analytic hierarchy process, the performance of various desulfurizing agents is evaluated comprehensively, and the comprehensive evaluation system of chemical desulfurizing agents in sulfur oil and gas station is constructed. The system covers three first-level indexes covering safety performance, technical performance and operation management of agents and 14 subordinate second-level indexes, which can effectively guide the purchase, access and application of desulfurizer in oil and gas exploitation process, and provide reference for the selection of desulfurizer in oil fields.

The design capacity of certain non-drinking domestic water treatment equipment is 150 m3/h. The combined process of “pretreatment-ultrafiltration-nanofiltration (UF-NF)” is adopted and the effluent quality meets the requirements of Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB 5749-2006). The operation results show that the year-round average effluent CODMn is less than 2 mg/L; the turbidity is 0.1 NTU; the chromaticity is less than 5 degrees; the TDS is 275 mg/L, which completely meet the water quality requirement of the standards. This paper introduces the process flow of the device and the design parameters of the main structures and the equipment. It summarizes the operation of the device and the operating costs. This can provide reference for the design of similar projects.