Abstract: To address the high-risk, strongly coupled, and rapidly evolving characteristics of the "Three Wastes" (industrial wastewater, waste gases and residues) emissions and environmental emergencies in petrochemical enterprises, this paper proposes an integrated “Monitoring–Early Warning–Response” system for environmental safety. Centered on multi-source data and meteorological–process scenarios, the framework is composed of four layers: perception, transmission, platform and application. It incorporates event classification, coordinated disposal and resource grouping mechanisms. The precision of early warning and the timeliness of response are enhanced through the risk-oriented indicator system and closed-loop auditing. At the engineering level, systematic design recommendations are proposed for monitoring site layout, alarm and signal distribution and platform configuration, ensuring data reliability and system resilience. This study provides replicable technical pathways and management strategies for the digitalization and standardization of environmental risk control in petrochemical enterprises.

Key words: environmental emergency monitoring, early warning, risk-oriented governance