关键词: 危险与可操作性分析, 保护层分析, 常减压装置, 风险分析, 防范措施

Abstract: This paper introduces the application of the widely used HAZOP analysis method to risk analysis of atmospheric and decompression unit combining with LOPA analysis technology. The unit is divided into nodes according to the process flow, and each deviation is analyzed by HAZOP to identify the risks in the process of device operation systematically and comprehensively. Taking the analysis results as the input basis and combining with LOPA analysis, the paper proposes preventive measures for risk control, which reduces the risk level and increases the stability of operation control effectively. This paper makes detailed analysis on the low liquid level in the bottom of the primary distillation tower and the low oxygen content in the reduced pressure furnace. Then it puts forward comprehensive protective measures and implementation plan, which is helpful to improve the prevention and control capacity of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and ensure the safe operation of the unit.

Key words: hazard and operability study/HAZOP, layer of protection analysis/LOPA, atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, risk analysis, preventive measures